Speaker
Description
Current research facilities regularly come along with a large energy demand. Often cryogenic equipment, i.e. low-temperature components are involved, requiring appreciable energy for refrigeration. An example for this are particle accelerators. As a standard today these are based on superconducting accelerator cavities and superconducting magnets with working temperature as low as 1.8 K. In a similar way NMR magnets require cryogenic cooling, moreover material characterisation and basic research covering a wide temperature range. High temperature superconductors (HTS) offer the option for working temperatures at e.g. 50…80 K. Different kinds of respective cooling principles and cooling machines are available today. A minimum energy demand is given unavoidably by the Carnot fraction. Moreover, for a number of reasons, all realistic refrigeration machines exceed this theoretical energy demand by factors. In the presentation different cryogenic cooling solutions are presented. Specific efficiencies are highlighted, and options for further improvement are discussed.
